A pair of vertical, open-ended glass tubes inserted into a horizontal pipe are often used together to measure flow velocity in the pipe, a configuration called a Venturi meter. Consider such an arrangement with a horizontal pipe carrying fluid of density p. The fluid rises to heights h1 and h2 in the two open-ended tubes (see figure). The cross-sectional area of the pipe is A1 at the position of tube 1, and A2 at the position of tube 2.

Find p1, the gauge pressure at the bottom of tube 1. (Gauge pressure is the pressure in excess of outside atmospheric pressure.) Express your answer in terms of quantities given in the problem introduction and g, the magnitude of the acceleration due to gravity.

2.which choice most accurately explains what happens to the bonds between atoms when water changes to steam, and what becomes of the energy added during this phase change? when water changes to steam bonds between molecules are created. after reaching the boiling point, energy is used to change bond strength and change the kinetic energy of the atoms. when water changes to steam bonds between molecules break apart. after reaching the boiling point, energy is used to break bonds, but does not affect the kinetic energy of the atoms. when water changes to steam bonds between molecules are created. after reaching the boiling point, energy is used to break bonds, but does not affect the kinetic energy of the atoms. when water changes to steam bonds between molecules break apart. after reaching the boiling point, energy is used to change bond strength and change the kinetic energy of the atoms.