5. The ends of a 10 cm laser rod, index of refraction = 1.76, has its ends coated for reflectivity of 99.9 % and 90 %. If there is no excited state absorption (  calculate a) the fractional loss per pass and b) the decay time of the cavity

the fractional loss per pass =0.053

the decay time of the cavity =11 ns

Explanation:

laser is an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation and it has lot of military applications : basically ranging from target acquisition, fire control, and training. It is also being used  in LIDAR communications, radar systems , laser guided landing systems, laser pointers, holography, photography, guidance systems, scanning machines, metal working,  and medicine.

the fractional loss per pass=

but no excited state absorption, therefore is 0

=0.053

b) the decay time of the cavity:

=1.1 *10^-8 seconds

=11 ns

dopamine..

"it was found that some people who were taking the drug l-dopa to raise their levels of dopamine were developing schizophrenic-like symptoms supporting research a strength of the dopamine hypothesis is that there are many studies which have shown support for the neurochemical explanation."

a.metals can become magnetic if they have many spinning electrons that create magnetic fields.d.only some metals are attracted by magnets; these metals are called ferromagnetic.

d.wrapping an insulated wire around a metal with ferromagnetic properties and applying an electric current.