Suppose that the readings on the thermometers are normally distributed with a mean of 0∘ and a standard deviation of 1.00∘C. If 11% of the thermometers are rejected because they have readings that are too low, but all other thermometers are acceptable, find the reading that separates the rejected thermometers from the others.

Air is contained in a variable-load piston-cylinder device equipped with a paddle wheel. initially, air is at 400 kpa and 17°c. the paddle wheel is now turned by an external electric motor until 75 kj/kg of work has been transferred to air. during this process, heat is transferred to maintain a constant air temperature while allowing the gas volume to triple. calculate the required amount of heat transfer in kj/kg.