You decide to build a small generator by rotating a coiled wire inside a static magnetic field of 0.30 T. You construct apparatus by coiling wire into 4 loops of radius 0.20 m.
If the coils rotate at 3.0 revolutions per second and are connected to a device with 100Ω resistance, calculate the average power Paverage supplied to that device.

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As part of an industrial process, air as an ideal gas at 10 bar, 400k expands at steady state through a valve to a pressure of 4 bar. the mass flow rate of air is 0.5 kg/s. the air then passes through a heat exchanger where it is cooled to a temperature of 295k with negligible change in pressure. the valve can be modeled as a throttling process, and kinetic and potential energy effects can be neglected. (a) for a control volume enclosing the valve and heat exchanger and enough of the local surroundings that the heat transfer occurs at the ambient temperature of 295 k, determine the rate of entropy production, in kw/k. (b) if the expansion valve were replaced by an adiabatic turbine operating isentropically, what would be the entropy production? compare the results of parts (a) and (b) and discuss.

Because air contracts as it cools, the air pressure inside a freezer is typically lower than on the outside. why do ice cubes inside a freezer tend to shrink over time? a. the ice dissolves oxygen from the air, forming a denser crystalline matrix. b. the ice reacts chemically with carbon dioxide in the air, forming gaseous carbon compounds. c. the ice melts, and then the liquid freezes as ice crystals on the bottom of the freezer. d. the ice sublimes, and then the water vapor deposits as ice crystals on the sides of the freezer.