How do you recognize when capacitors are connected in series?

A junction is a point where the wire circuit into two or more branches or branches recombine.
(a.)They are connected one after the next without any junctions between. The capacitors are connected so the negative plate of one capacitor is connected to the positive plate of the next.
(b.)They are connected so the positive plates of the capacitors are connected together and the negative plates of the capacitors are connected together.
(c.)The capacitors consist of two identical plates which are arranged parallel to each other with a small gap in between.
(d.)As long as there are junction(s) between each capacitor.