A strong lightning bolt transfers about 27.88 C to Earth. How many electrons are transferred? The elemental charge is 1.602 × 10−19 C. The lightning bolt discharge lasts one millisecond. What is the average current flowing from the cloud to ground? Answer in units of A.

Number of electrons = (total charge) / (charge on each electron)

Number of electrons = (27.88 C) / (1.602 x 10⁻¹⁹ C/e)

Number of electrons = 1.74 x 10²⁰ electrons

Average current = (charge transferred) / (time to transfer the charge)

Average current = (27.88 C) / (0.001 sec)

| Average current | = 27,880 Amperes  (Yes. The current is big.)

Note:

That current can be either a positive or a negative number.

The question asks for the current flowing "from the cloud to ground", but it never tells us which direction the electrons are physically moving ... up from ground to cloud, or down from cloud to ground.  Real lightning bolts can go either way.

the area between the graph and the t axis

scattering of light by tiny particles in air to produce the colors we see on sky, is dependent on the following factors:

(i) wavelength of light

(ii) size of the scattering particle  

(iii) distance traveled by light through the atmosphere.

according to rayleigh's law of scattering, the amount of scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of its wavelength. shorter the wavelength, greater is its scattering. hence violet/blue light is scattered more than red.

sun's light is a composite light ( visible light) with wavelengths in the range 400 nm (violet) to 700 nm (red). as sunlight passes through our atmosphere, the molecules of air scatter light according to their wavelengths. during sunrise and sunset, the sun's position is below the horizon. hence light from the sun travels a greater distance in the atmosphere when compared to its position a noon.

as sunlight enters the earth's atmosphere, blue light is scattered away and at the end of its journey in the sky, only red and orange wavelengths remain in the beam.

hence at sunrise and sunset, the sky appears reddish orange.