The average speed of a train is 24.0km/hr. Suppose a train moving at this speed accelerates -0.20 m/s^2 until it reaches a speed of 8.0 km/hr. How long does it take the train to undergo this change in speed?

Explanation:

The initial speed of train = 24 km/hr = 24 x 1000/3600 = 20/3 m/sec

The final speed of train =  8 km/hr = 8 x 1000/3600 = 20/9 m/sec

The relation of motion

v = u + a x t

final velocity = initial velocity + acceleration x time

20/9 = 20/3 - 2 x t   where t is time

Because the acceleration is negative

2 t =  20/3 - 20/9 = 40/9   or  t = 20/9 sec = 2.2 sec

The time taken to decrease the speed from 24 km/hr to 8 km/hr is 2.2 sec approx

scattering of light by tiny particles in air to produce the colors we see on sky, is dependent on the following factors:

(i) wavelength of light

(ii) size of the scattering particle  

(iii) distance traveled by light through the atmosphere.

according to rayleigh's law of scattering, the amount of scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of its wavelength. shorter the wavelength, greater is its scattering. hence violet/blue light is scattered more than red.

sun's light is a composite light ( visible light) with wavelengths in the range 400 nm (violet) to 700 nm (red). as sunlight passes through our atmosphere, the molecules of air scatter light according to their wavelengths. during sunrise and sunset, the sun's position is below the horizon. hence light from the sun travels a greater distance in the atmosphere when compared to its position a noon.

as sunlight enters the earth's atmosphere, blue light is scattered away and at the end of its journey in the sky, only red and orange wavelengths remain in the beam.

hence at sunrise and sunset, the sky appears reddish orange.

the temperature in kelvin of 2.0 dm3 of an ideal gas is doubled and its pressure is increased by a factor of four. what is the final volume of the gas