There is a naturally occurring vertical electric field near the Earth’s surface that points toward the ground. In fair weather conditions, in an open field, the strength of this electric field is 110.0 N/C 110.0 N/C . A spherical pollen grain with a radius of 11.0 μm 11.0 μm is released from its parent plant by a light breeze, giving it a net charge of − 0.550 fC −0.550 fC (where 1 fC = 1 × 10 − 15 C 1 fC=1×10−15 C ). What is the ratio of the magnitudes of the electric force to the gravitational force, F e l e c t r i c / F g r a v Felectric/Fgrav , acting on the pollen? Pollen is primarily water, so assume that its volume mass density is 1000 k g / m 3 1000 kg/m3 , identical to the volume mass density of water.

In the nineteenth century, gregor mendel first determined some basic rules of genetics that have been observed throughout all types of life. no observations have disproved these basic rules of genetics. charles darwin developed the idea of biological evolution around the same time, but he was unaware of mendel’s discoveries in genetics. over a century later, darwin’s idea of evolution was modified in order to incorporate mendel’s rules of genetics along with the other evidence that darwin had used. what is most likely the relationship between mendel’s rules of genetics and darwin’s idea of biological evolution? a.)mendel’s genetics states laws that are now part of the theory of biological evolution. b.)biological evolution states laws that are part of mendel’s theory of genetics. c.)mendel’s genetics replaced darwin’s entire concept of biological evolution. d.)biological evolution is a law that explains why all genetics exist.