A11.8-m-long steel [e = 206 gpa] pipe column has an outside diameter of 202 mm and a wall thickness of 5 mm. the column is supported only at its ends and it may buckle in any direction. calculate the critical load pcr for the following end conditions:

Asynthetic fiber used in manufacturing carpet has tensile strength that is normally distributed with mean 75.5 psi and standard deviation 3.5 psi. how is the standard deviation of the sample mean changed when the sample size is increased from n equals 8 to n equals 47