Explain how longitudinal waves and transverse waves are similar to each other and different from each other.

Similar:
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For transverse waves, the waves move in perpendicular direction to the source of vibration.
For longitudinal waves, the waves move in parallel direction to the source of vibration .
They are similar in the sense that energy is transferred in the form of waves.
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Difference:
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Transverse Waves: Displacement of the medium is perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the wave.
Longitudinal Waves: Displacement of the medium is parallel to the direction of propagation of the wave.

The modern-day generator works on the principle of electromagnetic induction discovered by michael faraday in 1831-32. faraday discovered that the above flow of electric charges could be induced by moving an electrical conductor, such as a wire that contains electric charges, in a magnetic field.