Which of the following characteristics are displayed by hard magnetic materials?

1.a relatively small hysteresis loop.
2.a relatively large hysteresis loop.
3.magnetization and demagnetization may be achieved using relatively low applied fields.
4.magnetization and demagnetization require relatively high applied fields.

Characteristics are displayed by hard magnetic materials:

B. relatively large hysteresis loop.

D. Magnetization and demagnetization require relatively high applied fields.

Explanation:

They are otherwise called as the permanent magnets, they have the ability to retain is quality even after being magnetised. They have the ability of greater hysteresis loop, it is the relation between the induced magnetic flux to that of magnetizing force. When it is high gives the hard magnetic material.  They have high retentivity and coercivity. This means the driving field during magnetization is null. To get coercivity the driving field should be made in the opposite direction.

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