Which best describes how the first and second laws of thermodynamics are related?

when thermal energy flows from a warmer object to a cooler object, thermal energy is conserved as all the thermal energy is used to do work.

when thermal energy flows from objects that have the same temperature, thermal energy is conserved as thermal energy is used to do work and heat is released to the surroundings.

when thermal energy flows from a warmer object to a cooler object, thermal energy is conserved as thermal energy is used to do work and heat is released to the surroundings.

answer
when thermal energy flows from a warmer object to a cooler object, thermal energy is conserved as thermal energy is used to do work and heat is released to the surroundings.

The given statement "When thermal energy flows from a warmer object to a cooler object, thermal energy is conserved as thermal energy is used to do work and heat is released to the surroundings" best describes how the first and second laws of thermodynamics are related.

Option D

Explanation:

According to thermodynamics first law, the system's internal energy is generated by thermal energy given to the system from the surrounding. The energy taken by the system will be utilized for internal energy storage and remaining energy will be dissociated to rise the temperature and entropy of the system.

So, in general terms if the energy is made to flow from warmer object to cooler object, the energy will be utilized to do the work of entropy or average kinetic energy of the object's molecules in cooler side.

Similarly, the second law states that there is loss in any conversion and that loss is termed as heat energy released to the surrounding while giving thermal energy from warmer to cooler objects. Thus, the last statement is related to the first and second law of thermodynamics.