Abeam of light, which is traveling in air, is reflected by a glass surface. does the reflected beam experience a phase change, and if so, by how much is the phase of the beam changed?

180 degree phase change

Explanation:

ι вєℓιєνє ιт ιѕ тнє fιяѕт ¢нσι¢є(α.)

нє ѕнσυℓ∂ ѕмιℓє ρσℓιтℓу αи∂ ѕρєαк тσ тнє ρєяѕσи ωнσ ιѕ ιитєяяυριиg αfтєя тнє ∂ιѕ¢υѕѕισи

нσρє ι ¢συℓ∂ нєℓρ.

answer: at 24 february, 2014 the population gets twice of its initial population.

explanation:

since we have given that

the population for alpha city, t years after january 1, 2004 is given as

first we find out the initial population, i.e. t=0,

so, our quadratic equation becomes,

according to question, we have said that if the population has twice its initial population, then it becomes

so, time taken to reach this above mentioned population is given by

now, we know that time can't be negative so, we take t=9.149 years.

hence, at 24 february, 2014 the population gets twice of its initial population.