Abubble of air is rising up through the ocean. when it is at a depth of 20.0 m below the surface, where the temperature is 5.00°c, its volume is 0.80 cm3. what is the bubble's volume (in cm3) just before it hits the ocean surface, where the temperature is 20.0°c? assume the average density of sea water is 1,025 kg/m3. hint: use pascal's principle (textbook eq. 14.4) to determine the pressure at the depth of 20.0 m below the surface.

the volume is 0.253 cm³

Explanation:

The pressure underwater is related with the pressure in the surface through Pascal's law:

P(h)= Po + ρgh

where Po= pressure at a depth h under the surface (we assume = 1atm=101325 Pa) , ρ= density of water ,g= gravity , h= depth at h meters)

replacing values

P(h)= Po + ρgh = 101325 Pa + 1025 Kg/m³ * 9.8 m/s² * 20 m = 302225 Pa

Also assuming that the bubble behaves as an ideal gas

PV=nRT

where

P= absolute pressure, V= gas volume ,n= number of moles of gas, R= ideal gas constant , T= absolute temperature

therefore assuming that the mass of the bubble is the same ( it does not absorb other bubbles, divides into smaller ones or allow significant diffusion over its surface) we have

at the surface) PoVo=nRTo

at the depth h) PV=nRT

dividing both equations

(P/Po)(V/Vo)=(T/To)

or

V=Vo*(Po/P)(T/To) = 0.80 cm³ * (101325 Pa/302225 Pa)*(277K/293K) = 0.253 cm³

V = 0.253 cm³

(75°f − 32) × 5/9 = 23.889°c

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