In rutherford's scattering experiments, alpha particles (charge =+2e ) were fired at a gold foil. consider an alpha particle with an initial kinetic energy heading directly for the nucleus of a gold atom (charge =+79e). the alpha particle will come to rest when all its initial kinetic energy has been converted to electrical potential energy. find the distance of closest approach between the alpha particle and the gold nucleus for the case k= 2.9mev in fm.

The distance of the closest approach is 78.455 fm

Solution:

As per the question:

Charge on , q = + 2e

Charge on the nucleus of gold atom, q' = + 79e

Kinetic Energy, KE = 2.9 MeV =

e =

Now,

We know that the electrostatic potential energy,

PE =

To calculate the distance of the closest approach, r:

PE = KE

answer; equivalent to a one(1) horsepower motor;

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