Achild's top is held in place upright on a frictionless surface. the axle has a radius of =3.21 mm . two strings are wrapped around the axle, and the top is set spinning by applying t=3.15 n of constant tension to each string. if it takes 0.320 s for the string to unwind, how much angular momentum does the top acquire? assume that the strings do not slip as the tension is applied.

Angular momentum,

Explanation:

It is given that,

Radius of the axle,

Tension acting on the top, T = 3.15 N

Time taken by the string to unwind, t = 0.32 s

We know that the rate of change of angular momentum is equal to the torque acting on the torque. The relation is given by :

Torque acting on the top is given by :

Here, F is the tension acting on it. Torque acting on the top is given by :

So, the angular momentum acquired by the top is . Hence, this is the required solution.

d is the correct answer

scattering of light by tiny particles in air to produce the colors we see on sky, is dependent on the following factors:

(i) wavelength of light

(ii) size of the scattering particle  

(iii) distance traveled by light through the atmosphere.

according to rayleigh's law of scattering, the amount of scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of its wavelength. shorter the wavelength, greater is its scattering. hence violet/blue light is scattered more than red.

sun's light is a composite light ( visible light) with wavelengths in the range 400 nm (violet) to 700 nm (red). as sunlight passes through our atmosphere, the molecules of air scatter light according to their wavelengths. during sunrise and sunset, the sun's position is below the horizon. hence light from the sun travels a greater distance in the atmosphere when compared to its position a noon.

as sunlight enters the earth's atmosphere, blue light is scattered away and at the end of its journey in the sky, only red and orange wavelengths remain in the beam.

hence at sunrise and sunset, the sky appears reddish orange.