While keeping your food cold, your refrigerator transfers energy from the inside to the surroundings. thus thermal energy goes from a colder object to a warmer one. what can you say about this? a. it is a violation of the second law of thermodynamics. b. it is not a violation of the second law of thermodynamics because refrigerators can have efficiency of 100%. c. it is not a violation of the second law of thermodynamics because the second law doesn't apply to refrigerators. d. the second law of thermodynamics applies in this situation, but it is not violated because the energy did not spontaneously go from cold to hot.

an ion is a charged atom or molecule. it is charged because the number of electrons do not equal the number of protons in the atom or molecule. an atom can acquire a positive charge or a negative charge depending on whether the number of electrons in an atom is greater or less then the number of protons in the atom.

hello there!

your answer is a “generator”

a generator does not create energy but instead it transforms it.

it’s basically a motor working in reverse.

54 degrees incident angle = reflected angle

angle is from normal turned to line of ray

the aurora is formed when charged particles emitted from the sun during a solar flare penetrate the earth's magnetic shield and collide with atoms and molecules in our atmosphere. these collisions result in countless little bursts of light, called photons, which make up the aurora.

auroras are generated by charged solar particles hitting molecules in earth's atmosphere. this usually happens in high latitudes, because our planet’s magnetic field tends to funnel these particles toward the poles. that’s why it can be experienced in northern ohio.