Which of the following best describes why we say that light is an electromagnetic wave?
the passage of a light wave can cause electrically charged particles to move up and down.
the term electromagnetic wave arose for historical reasons, but we now know that light has nothing to do with either electricity or magnetism.
light can be produced only by electric or magnetic appliances.
light is produced only when massive fields of electric and magnetic energy collide with one another.
the passage of a light wave can cause electrically charged particles to move up and down.

The passage of a light wave can cause electrically charged particles to move up and down.

Explanation:

Electromagnetic waves are transversal waves, they are a combination of oscillating electric and magnetic fields, which propagate through space carrying energy from one place to another.  

This means the oscillation of the wave occurs in the transversal direction to its propagation. In addition, electromagnetic waves are spread thanks to the electromagnetic fields produced by moving electric charges.

the motion of a pendulum is a classic example of mechanical energy conservation. a pendulum consists of a mass (known as a bob ) attached by a string to a pivot point. as the pendulum moves it sweeps out a circular arc, moving back and forth in a periodic fashion.

c. magnitude and direction