The orbiting space shuttle moves around earth well above 99% of the atmosphere, yet it still accumulates an electric charge on its skin due, in part, to the loss of electrons by the photoelectric effect with sunlight. suppose the skin of the shuttle is coated with ni, which has a relatively large work function f=4.87 ev at the temperatures encountered in orbit. (a) what is the maximum wavelength in the solar spectrum that can result in the emission of photoelectrons from the shuttle’s skin? (b) what is the maximum fraction of the total power falling on the shuttle that could potentially produce photoelectrons?

An  atom  (ours, not carroll's) consists of a positively charged  nucleus, surrounded by one or more negatively charged particles called  electrons. the positive charges equal the negative charges, so the atom has no overall charge; it is electrically neutral. most of an atom's mass is in its nucleus; the mass of an electron is only 1/1836 the mass of the lightest nucleus, that of hydrogen. although the nucleus is heavy, it is quite small compared with the overall size of an atom. the radius of a typical atom is around 0.1 to 0.25 nanometres (nm), whereas the radius of a nucleus is about 10-6  nm.  *  if an atom were enlarged to the size of the earth, its nucleus would be only 200 feet in diameter and could easily rest inside a small football stadium.read more on -

Answerapplying a direct current to a non magnetic material in order to create a electromagnetic field; plz check first good luck;