Atechnician places a fluid substance, with a refractive index of 1.61, between two horizontal panes of flat glass (each of which has n = 1.45). she then illuminates the assembly from above with monochromatic light (λ = 330 nm). what is the minimum thickness (in nm) that the liquid layer must have, if the light is to be strongly reflected back toward its source?

If the speed of a particle triples ,by what factor does its kinetic energy increase?

Unpolarized light of intensity i_0=750w/m^2 is incident upon two polarizers. after passing through both polarizers the intensity is i_2=280w/m^2. (a) what is the intensity of the light after it passes through the first polarizer in w/m^2? (b) write an equation for the angle between the polarizers in terms of the initial (i_0) and final (i_2) intensities. (c) find the angle between the polarizers in degrees.

Tall pacific coast redwood trees can reach heights of about 100 m. if air drag is negligibly small, how fast is a sequola cone moving when it reaches the ground f it dropped from the top of a 100 m tree?