The material liyf4 is a laser host that crystallizes in the i41/a group. the y site can be substituted with a range of rare-earth ions and sits on the 4b wycoff site. for a rare earth ion with the transition of 4h5/2 to 4g5/2, three peaks are observed at 562, 557 and 553 nm. what are these peaks in cm-1? the first two peaks are strong but the peak at 553 nm is very weak. perform a spin orbit coupling and determine the stark levels and explain these observations. the authors say for transitions of 4h5/2 to a 4f9/2 state there is a strong polarization effect in polarized light. can you justify this from your stark level analysis? what would you expect to see in polarized light? for this problem just use the same approach as you did in 2 above.

probably not the "magnets"in the magnet, so to speak, are thought to be electrons orbiting in shells. vurrent loops two sides to the loop

the order for strong to weak forces such as

strong nuclear force → electromegnetic force → weak nuclear force → gravitational force

the fundamental forces are those forces that act between to objects or element to make interactions. there are four types of fundamental forces such as strong and weak nuclear forces (due to protons and electrons), electromagnetic force (due to the motion of electrons) and gravitational force (due to orbital movement of the planet). if these forces are arranged on the basis of their maximum strength then the order is

strong nuclear force → electromegnetic force → weak nuclear force → gravitational force