Hybrids with exceptional combinations of stiffness and damping. the loss-coefficient-modulus (n- e) chart of figure 3.9 is populated only along one diagonal band. (the loss coefficient measures the fraction of the elastic energy that is dissipated during a load-unload cycle.) monolithic materials with low e have high n, those with high e have low n. the challenge here is to devise hybrids to fill the holes, with the following applications in mind a. sheet steel (as used in to lightly damped flexural vibration. devise a hybrid sheet that combines the high stiffness, e, of steel with high loss coefficient, n. body panels, for instance) is prone car b. high loss coefficient means that energy is dissipated on mechanical cycling. this energy appears as heat, sometimes with undesirable consequences. devise a hybrid with low modulus e and low loss coefficient