Aray of light is moving from a material having a high indexof refraction into a material with a lower index of refraction.
(a) is the ray bent toward the normal or awayfrom it?
toward the normal
awayfrom the normal

(b) if the wavelength is 600 nm in the material with the high indexof refraction, is it greater, smaller, or the same in the materialwith the lower index of refraction?
greater
smaller
thesame

(c) how does the frequency change as the light moves between thetwo materials? does it increase, decrease, or remain the same?
increase
decrease
remainthe same

(a) Away from the normal

We can find the direction of bending of the ray of light by using Snell's equation:

where we have:

n1, n2: index of refraction of the first and second medium

; angle that the incident and the refracted ray form with the normal to the surface

Here, the light ray moves from a material with high index of refraction to a material with lower index, so we have

Re-arranging Snell's law we find

since we have

this implies

so the ray of light bends away from the normal.

(b) The wavelength is greater in the second material (the one with lower index of refraction)

The wavelength of the light in a medium is given by

where

is the wavelength of the light in a vacuum

n is the refractive index

The equation can be rewritten as

and again it can be rewritten as

where

Therefore, we have that the wavelength in the second medium (the one with lower index of refraction) is longer than the wavelength in the first medium.

(c) The frequency remains the same

Wavelength and speed of a light ray depend on the medium in which the wave is travelling through, however the frequency does not depend on that, so it remains the same in the two mediums.

can be answered using momentum.

momentum = p

p1= mass1 * velocity1

p1 = p2

therefore

p1 = 6kg * 4m/s

p1 = 24kgm/s

p2=m2 * v2

24 kgm/s = 7kg * v2

v2 = 24 kgm/s / 7kg

v2= 3.42 m/s

ok

explanation: