Exposure Status Cases Controls Yes 11 108 No 5 436 Total 16 544 Calculate the odds ratio. What do you conclude based upon your results

The exposure may be risk factor.

Explanation:

Given

Required

The odd ratio

First, we calculate the odds of exposure using:

For cases, we have:

For controls, we have:

So, the odds' ratio is:

Conclusion about the odds' ratio

The calculated ratio is greater than (and also far from) 1.

This implies that there is a greater exposure than the controls.

So, we can conclude that the exposure may be risk factor.