F the plankton contain 100,000 kcal of energy, about how much energy will the manta ray obtain from eating the starfish? 10 kcal 100 kcal 1,000 kcal 10,000 kcal

100kcal

Explanation:

The law in energy transfer in the food chain is that only 10% of total energy is transferred.

The food chain between the plankton and starfish follows;

Plankton - Mussels and Oysters - Starfishes - Manta Ray

Plankton being the producer produces 100,000kcal

Mussels/Oysters get 10% of 100,000kcal= 10,000kcal.

Starfish gets 10% of 10,000kcal = 1,000kcal

Manta Ray being the final consumer of starfish gets 10% of 1,000kcal = 100kcal

between the two muscle layers is the myenteric or auerbach's plexus, which controls peristalsis. in the colon, the muscularis externa is much thicker because the feces are large and heavy, requiring more force to push along. the stomach has a third layer of muscularis externa: the inner oblique layer.