Ageriatrician is following a number of clients on a subacute geriatric medical unit, some of whom require diagnostic blood work. which of the following clients would be most likely to have an erythrocyte sedimentation rate (esr) screening test ordered? an adult with: a. orthostatic hypotension and syncopal episodes. b. systemic lupus erythematosus. c. congestive heart failure. d. a diagnosis of alzheimer's disease and depression.

The clients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) would most likely require an erythrocyte sedimentation rate test (ESR) ordered.

Explanation:

ESR test measures the rate of sedimentation of the erythrocytes or the red blood cells (RBCs) in the blood sample taken in a test tube. The nature of the RBCs is to settle down in the bottom of the tube slowly while the clear plasma rises above.

When there is underlying inflammation in the body, the RBCs settle down faster than the normal rate. This inflammation triggered by the body's immune system in reaction to any pathological condition.

Inflammatory conditions include autoimmune diseases, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis etc. ESR is an indirect marker or indicator for the inflammatory disease SLE and a high ESR in an SLE patient indicates that the lupus is highly active.

Conditions like congestive heart failure, Alzheimer's, or orthostatic hypotension are not inflammatory in nature.  

explanation:

1)drink water

2)try concentrating on what u r doing to distract urself from the headache and manipulate ur brain

3)go to sleep.its an easier yet time consuming way

4) massage ur temple and head