Explanation:
Why is antibiotic resistance a problem?
Antibiotics are used to kill bacteria and with time these bacteria develop resistance against the antibiotics and changes its response to the effects of medicines. The problem is that most frequently used antibiotics will not be able to treat common infections effectively so the doctors must change their focus towards powerful but less friendly antibiotics. The resistant bacteria response to antibiotics changes and then they are becoming difficult to treat as compared to non-resistant bacteria. This is the problem that why antibiotic resistance is a matter of concern .
2.What are possible causes of antibiotic resistance?
There are many possible cause of antibiotic resistance
A)over dosage of antibiotics is the most common cause of antibiotic resistance because the over use of antibiotics for bacterial or viral infection lead to the development of resistance.
B) The patients do not complete the course due to lack of monitoring who have been prescribed by the doctors to take the complete course of antibiotics. As a result, the pathogenic bacteria adopt themselves to the low dose of antibiotics and gradually form a completely resistant population of bacteria against the complete dose of antibiotics.
C)Just like in humans, uncontrolled amount of antibiotics is also used in fish and livestock industry which will result in production of completely resistant population of bacteria.
D)Increase in population and increase number of patients in hospitals are always exposed to infections and it is difficult to stop the spreading of infection in such dense population, which will result in addition of more pathogens.
E)Poor health, hygiene and sanitation plays a vital role in the spreading of bacterial and viral infections, therefore developing resistance against antibiotics.
F)the development rate of new antibiotics is very slow as compared to the increase in antibiotics resistance bacteria. Absence of new antibiotics is one of the contributing factor in developing antibiotics resistance.
3.What are ways that scientists have proposed to deal with the problem?
In 2017, WHO have made a global action plan to solve this problem and 95% of world population have developed national action plan. Scientist are advising some common rules and plans to act upon
Avoiding the single dose of antibiotic for long term and not giving the microbes the conditions to evolve
Resistance (dosage control)
Spread the information about how to control and causes of antibiotics resistance i.e proper hygiene, sterile environment, prescribed course of antibiotics
Spreading information about not to feed animals antibiotics and strengthen regulations for animal feeding
Proper vaccination
4.What are ways that ordinary people can help to keep antibiotic resistance from getting worse?
People must discard the medicine once the prescribed course by the doctor is completed and do not leave the medicine course as recommended by the doctor. Do not use the antibiotics if not advised by the doctor. People should get vaccinated as soon as possible against common infections. Proper hygiene is very important in controlling antibiotic resistance. People should keep themselves hygienic and keep their surroundings clean.
5.Express your opinion about which of all of the suggested ways of dealing with antibiotic resistance you think are most important to pursue. Support your opinion with reasons.
Answer
The biggest reason for developing antibiotics resistance is the lack of awareness among the people. When people get ill, they will start antibiotics course as prescribed to him, but as soon as they start feeling well, they will stop taking medicine without completing the course which will result in resistance development against the low dose of antibiotics. This is the most common problem which need to be focused according to me. Self-medication is also a common problem linked to it. Awareness is required about the low and high dose of antibiotics among the common people.
