While gloving prior to beginning an arthroscopic procedure, the surgeon questions the necessity for double-gloving. which of the following are the most appropriate reasons to double-glove?
1. the barrier efficacy of latex decreases over time.
2. latex has a lattice-like structure that can lead to fluid passage.
3. minimally invasive procedures increase the risk of infection.
4. double-gloving adds protection from infection due to puncture injuries.
a. 1,2, and 3 only
b. 1,2, and 4 only
c. 1,3, and 4 only
d. 2,3, and 4 only

Mr. edwards is 20-year-old male patient who is admitted for treatment of recurring pyelonephritis (kidney infection) and surgical treatment of a urinary stricture, which has decreased the urinary stream. mr. edwards has paraplegia; he is paralyzed from the waist down secondary to an automobile accident when he was 16. he came by ambulance to the hospital, leaving his wheelchair and wheelchair pressure- relieving cushion at home. according to the nursing history, the patient is a nonsmoker and he does not drink alcohol or take any illegal drugs. a. what nursing considerations should be made for mr. edwards related to his disability? b. what health promotion and prevention education does mr. edwards need?