Does anyone know what this is called?

What aspects of lines have to be diffrent

Jordan rides his bike 6 7/15 miles every day to deliver newspapers and to go to and from school. if his ride to and from school is 4 3/10 miles, how many miles is the trip to deliver newspapers? 1 1/3 1 1/6 2 1/6 2 4/5

Abby is preparing fruit punch for her party. she starts with a bowl filled with liquid that has 1/2 fruit juice and 1/2 sprite, but she decides it's too fruity. so she pours out 1/4 of the liquid, and then fills the bowl up again with sprite. what fraction of the punch is now sprite?