In one particular suburb, 50% of families own a pug. if there are a total of 24 families in the neighborhood that own a dog in general, then how many dog owners own a pug?

An automated water dispenser fills packets with one liter of water on average, with a standard deviation of 5 milliliter. the manual says that after a year of operation the dispenser should be tested to see if it needs recalibration. a year later a number of filled packets are set aside and measured separately. it is found that the average packet now contains about 0.995 liters. does the dispenser need calibration? explain your answer.