What is the difference between -7 and 8? 15 -15 1 -1

An unknown number of kids and buses are getting assigned. when assigning 4 kids to each bus, there are 2 kids that aren't placed in a bus. when assigning 8 kids to each bus, there are 2 empty buses. how many total kids are there?

Could somebody me with this radical simplification?

If 1.4% of the mass of a human body is calcium, how many kilograms of calcium are there in a 165-pound man? 1.0 kg ca 5.1 kg ca 1.0 x 102 kg ca 5.1 x 102 kg ca