Lena is ordering an ice cream dessert. She must order a size, a flavor of ice cream, and a topping. There are sizes, flavors, and toppings to choose from. How many different ice cream desserts could she order?

Which approach to the theory-and-research cycle does the following sequence reflect: (1) specific observations suggest generalizations, (2) generalizations produce a tentative theory, (3) the theory is tested through the formation of hypotheses, and (4) hypotheses may provide suggestions for additional observations?