Why is the addition or subtraction of k to the output of a function considered a translation?

Write the sine and cosine values of a, b, respectively, in the figure for (1) and (2) + explanation.

Ahypothesis is: a the average squared deviations about the mean of a distribution of values b) an empirically testable statement that is an unproven supposition developed in order to explain phenomena a statement that asserts the status quo; that is, any change from what has been c) thought to be true is due to random sampling order da statement that is the opposite of the null hypothesis e) the error made by rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true

Ok a point t on a segment with endpoints d(1, 4) and f(7, 1) partitions the segment in a 2: 1 ratio. find t. you must show all work to receive credit.