Help me help me please

How can you decide witch operations to use to slice a two step equation

What is the equation of the parabola with focus (-1,-1) and directrix y=1?

The distance from the sun to earth is about 1.5×10 to the 11th m suppose light travels at a speed of 3×10 to the 8th m per second about how long does it take light from sun to reach earth