A 3 phase traffic signal is designed with 2 seconds of all red per phase and phase lengths of 25 seconds, 30 seconds, and 15 seconds. The cycle length is seconds.

Step-by-step explanation:

From the question we are told that:

Traffic Phases p=3

Phase time Lengths

25 seconds, 30 seconds, and 15 seconds

Red Per Phase

Generally the equation for Cycle Length is mathematically given by

introduction, methodology, results, discussion

step-by-step explanation:

an observational study is one which consists of actual observation to record data and then analyse the data.

there are a number of factors that should be analyzed before starting an observational study.

the main four factors are:

i) introduction:   this should be analysed to check whether the purpose of the study is correctly established and the data recorded are appropriate for the study

methodology:   the method of collecting the data, such as whether randomly selected, and whether sample size matches with the population to be studied, whether questions asked are easy to answer by common men, etc.

results: then results such as summary of data with comments should be studied thoroughly

discussion:   the last is the discussion, this can be either by management people or persons who are all interested , etc.