A study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of hypnotism in reducing pain. Results for randomly selected subjects are given below. At the 1% level of significance, test the claim that the sensory measurements are lower after hypnotism (scores are in cm. on a pain scale). Assume sensory measurements are normally distributed. Note: You do not need to type these values into Minitab Express; the data file has been created for you. Before 6.6 6.5 9.0 10.3 11.3 8.1 6.3 11.6 After 6.8 2.4 7.4 8.5 8.1 6.1 3.4 2.0

sensory measurement are lower after hypnotism

Step-by-step explanation:

Given the data :

Before 6.6 6.5 9.0 10.3 11.3 8.1 6.3 11.6

After 6.8 2.4 7.4 8.5 8.1 6.1 3.4 2.0

The difference ;

After - Before, d = 0.2, - 4.1, - 1.6, - 1.8, - 3.2, - 2, - 2.9, - 9.6

Hypothesis :

H0 : μd = 0

H0 : μ < 0

The test statistic ;

T = μd / sd/√n

Where, xd = mean of difference

sd = standard deviation of difference

n = sample size

Mean of difference, μd = Σx/n = - 3.13

Standard deviation of difference, sd = 2.91

T = - 3.13 / 2.91/√8

T = - 3.13 / 1.0288403

T = - 3.042

α = 0.01

The Pvalue using a Pvalue calculator ;

Degree of freedom, df = n - 1 ; 8-1 = 7

Pvalue(-3.042, 7) = 0.00939

Pvalue < α ; we reject the null and conclude that sensory measurement are lower after hypnotism

i belive those are the ones that are under 90 degreese.