A wasp is a flying insect. In wasps, wing length is coded for by a single gene. Two scientists studying wasps hypothesize that short wings are recessive to long wings. Which of the following observations best supports this hypothesis? Wasps with long wings are less likely to survive.

Wasps with long wings can produce offspring with short wings.

Wasps have wing lengths ranging from very long to very short.

Wasps with short wings prefer to mate with wasps with long wings.