Which of the following are equivalent to the function y = 4cos x - 2? a. y= 4sin(x-pi/2)-2 b. y=4sin(x+pi/2) - 2 c. y=4cos(-x)-2 d. y=-4cos x +2.

To answer this question, we must know some identities:
1. cos(x) is an even function, so cos(x)=cos(-x) [this makes choice (c) true]
2. sin(x) and cos(x) are the same periodic functions with a phase-shift of pi/2, so that sin(x+pi/2)=cos(x) [this makes choice (b) true]
3. also, sin(x) is symmetrical about pi/2, and cos(x) is symmetrical about x=0.  This means that sin(x)=cos(pi/2-x) [ this case is not present in the choices ]

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