How does 1/8 divided by 1/4 equal 1/2?

When you divide a fraction by a fraction, you're really just multiplying by a reciprocal. A reciprocal is the fraction flipped around.
So, 1/8 ÷ 1/4 is the same thing as 1/8 x 4/1
Now, you just multiply. 1 times 4 is 4. 8 times 1 is 8.
1/8 x 4/1=4/8
4/8 simplified is 1/2
So that is how 1/8÷1/4=1/2

Period is the time it takes for one “cycle” to complete. in the parent sine function, period is 2*pi since sin(0) = 0, sin(pi/2) = 1, sin(pi) = 0, sin(3pi/2) = -1, and sin(2pi) = 0. at that point, the sequence repeats itself. i’m not sure if your graph is similar to the sine function since you didn’t provide a picture, but you can find the period by looking at a graph.