Amonument casts a 40 ft shadow. adam is 6 ft tall and casts a 5 foot shadow. how tall is the monument
a.33ft
b.30ft
c.40ft
d.48ft

The answer is 48 feet (D).

Explanation:

To solve this, you must think of the monument and its shadow and Adam and his shadow as a triangle, the person/object being the vertical leg, the shadows being the horizontal leg, and a line connecting them being the hypotenuse.  Also, we can assume that these triangles are similar.  First, we can set the scale to be 40/5 (the two shadows set a scale because the triangles are similar).  Then, we can put x/6 (the actual things are similar, and the scale was established to be building/measurement).  Next, we can set the two fractions equal to each other (40/5 = x/6) and solve.  We can cross multiply to get 5x = 40 * 6.  That goes to  5x = 240.  Finally, we can divide by five on each side to get x = 48 feet (D).