Subtract measurement with same difference theorem

i dont know how to do it

Which three lengths could be the lengths of the sides of a triangle? 21 cm, 7 cm, 7 cm 9 cm, 15 cm, 22 cm 13 cm, 5 cm, 18 cm 8 cm, 23 cm, 11 cm

Amountain climber starts a climb at an elevation of 453 feet above sea level at his first rest stop he has climbed 162 feet and by his second rest stop he has climbed another 207 feet its getting late in the day so the climber starts his way down if the climber desends 285 feet how much does he need to ascend or descend to return to the original starting point

What adds to be the bottom number but also multiplies to be the top number with 8 on the bottom and 15 on top