A manufacturing company produces 3 different products A, B, and C. Three types of components, i. e., X, Y, and Z, are used in the production of these products. One unit of product A requires 2 units of X, 2 units of Y. and 2 units of Z. One unit of product B requires 1 unit of X, 3 units of Y, and 2 units of Z. One unit of product C requires 1 unit of X, 2 units of Y, and 3 units of Z. Currently, the company has no existing inventory of the components. The company can purchase X at the price of $20 per unit but no more than 300 units due to the supplier's limited capacity constraint. The company can purchase Y at the price of $30 per unit without any upper limit. The company can purchase Z at the full price of $25 per unit for the first 100 units but the per unit price drops to $20 for the remaining units if any i. e., the purchase quantity in excess of 100 units). The market prices of the three products are $200 for A, $240 for B and $220 for C. The company knows that the demand for products A, B, and Care equal to 100, 80, and 90 units, respectively. Therefore, the company should not produce more than the demand for each product. However, the company incurs a per unit penalty of $40 for any unsatisfied demand. The company needs to decide the component płarchase plan and the production mix decisions to maximize its profits subject to all the business constraints described above. Required:
Formulate the company's problem as an optimization problem, i. e., providing the mathematical expressions for the decision variables, the objective function, and the constraints.