Express the sum using summation notation. Use 1 as the lower limit of summation and i for the index of summation.​

step-by-step explanation:

here's what happens:

1) the graph of f   = x^2 is shifted 2 units to the right.

2) the resulting graph is reflected in the x-axis, so that the parabola now opens down.

3) this final result is transformed up by 5 units.

find the magnitude of the trig term  

csc

(

x

)

−

1

by taking the absolute value of the coefficient.

1

find the lower bound of the range.

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y

=

−

2

find the upper bound of the range.

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y

=

0

the range is  

y

≤

−

2

or  

y

≥

0

.

(

−

∞

,

−

2

]

∪

[

0

,

∞

)

{

y

|

y

≤

−

2

,

y

≥

0

}

step-by-step explanation:

36

step-by-step explanation: