What is the difference in height between an albatross flying at 100 m above the surface of the ocean and a shark swimming 30 m below the surface?

 130 meters

Step-by-step explanation:

We have to let the "surface of the ocean" be at 0 height.

So,

anything above surface has POSITIVE height

and anything below surface has NEGATIVE height

The albatross is 100 m above, so we can say its height is:

+100 meters

The shark is 30 m below, so we can say its height is:

-30 meters

The difference in height is thus:

100 - (-30) = 100 + 30 = 130 meters

let's cover over the formula of the vertex:

y = a(x – h)^2 + k

in this formula, (h,k) are the vertex, always remember that the positive or negative value of the vertex is based on the sign it has.

for example, if the vertex is -3,-6 then both the x and y value would have the positive sign attached to it and if it were a positive x and y value, then a negative sign would be attached to it.

with that being said, for our problem the x value is a positive one so we are looking for a number with a negative sign next to it, in this case the first and second choice.

however, for the first answer choice it isn't quite part of the formula so we know that the answer choice correctly displays the x value.

to confirm, we can see if the -1 fits correctly with the second answer choice, and as mentioned above a negative number will have a positive sign attached to it. so, for our problem we can see that -1 has been changed to +1, so we can confirm that the second answer choice is correct.

hence, our final answer is y=(x - 1)^2 + 1