Cate and Elena were playing a card game. The stack of cards in the middle had 25 cards in it to begin with. Cate added 8 cards to the stack. Elena then took 11 cards from the stack. Finally, Cate took 6 cards from
the stack. How many cards were left in the stack?

White shapes and black shapes are used in a game. some of the shapes are circles. while the rest are squares. the ratio of the number of white shapes to the number of black shapes is 5: 11. the ratio of the number of white cicrles to the number of white squares is 3: 7. the ratio of the number of black circles to the number of black squres is 3: 8. work out what fraction of all the shapes are circles.