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The volume of the material in the cracker is

(volume of the outer cylinder) minus (volume of the cylindrical hole)

The volume of any cylinder is

V =  (π) (radius)² (length)

For the outer cylinder:

V =  (π) (8 mm)² (18 mm)

For the cylindrical hole:

V = (π) (4 mm)² (18 mm)

The solid material in the whole cracker:

V =  (π) (8 mm)² (18 mm)  -  (π) (4 mm)² (18 mm)

V = (π) (18mm) {(8 mm)² - (4 mm)²}

V = (18π mm) (48 mm²)

V = (18π · 48) mm³

V = 2,714.3 mm³

explanation:

remove parenthesis:

=

apply rule

=

multiply fractions:

=

=

divide:

=

mordancy.