Does the equations y = 4x + 1 represent a proportional relationship?

Joseph haydn pet store offers wide variety of leashes for dogs. the store purchases one popular type of leash from its manufacturer for $4.38 each. joseph haydn pets marks up leashes at a rate of 238% of cost. what is the retail price of the popular leash?

These tables represent a quadratic function with a vertex at (0, -1). what is the average rate of change for the interval from x = 9 to x = 10?

Which best describes the function on the graph? direct variation; k = −2 direct variation; k = -1/2 inverse variation; k = −2 inverse variation; k = -1/2