What exactly do I do...

Which of these choices show a pair of equivalent expressions?

Which approach to the theory-and-research cycle does the following sequence reflect: (1) specific observations suggest generalizations, (2) generalizations produce a tentative theory, (3) the theory is tested through the formation of hypotheses, and (4) hypotheses may provide suggestions for additional observations?

If 20% of a number is 35, what is 50% of that number?