Two number cubes whose sides are numbered 1 through 6 are rolled on a table. The two numbers showing are added. If you repeat this process 180 times, how many times would you expect the two cubes to add to exactly 8?

-362

step-by-step explanation:

(12)(4)+2(12)-34(12)+2(12)-3

  \/         \/         \/         \/

  48 +   24 -   408 + 24 - 3

      \   /               \   /

          72     -     432 - 3 = -363

85.560%

step-by-step explanation:

conditional probability is defined as:

p(a|b) = p(a∩b) / p(b)

in other words, the probability that a occurs, given that b has occurred = the probability that both a and b occur / the probability that b occurs.

in this example:

p(turns 64 | turns 44) = p(turns 64 & turns 44) / p(turns 44).

if someone turns 64, they must have already turned 44, so:

p(turns 64 | turns 44) = p(turns 64) / p(turns 44)

on page 42, we see that of the original 100,000, 94944 turn 44, and 81234 turn 64.   therefore:

p(turns 64 | turns 44) = 81234 / 94944

p(turns 64 | turns 44) = 0.85560