Alpha (a) is used to measure the error for decisions concerning true null hypotheses. What is beta (ß) error used to measure?

Alpha (α) is used to measure the error for decisions concerning true null hypotheses, while beta (ß) is used to measure error for decisions concerning false null hypotheses.

Step-by-step explanation:

Suppose we have events X and Y.

1. If it is said that X equals Y, when X is actually not equal to Y, α is used in this case, the null hypotheses.

2. If X is said to not be equal to Y, when X is actually equal to Y, β is used in this case, the false null hypotheses.

given that triangle abc is transformed two times to get triangle

a"b"c"

first abc is transformed in to a'b'c' as follows:

the coordinates of a are (1,-1) and transformed into a'(-1,1)

similarly b (4,-2) became b'(-4,2) and

c(7,-2) became c'(-7,2)

i.e. (x,y) becomes (-x,-y)

this is nothing but reflection about a point here origin.

thus first transformation is reflection on the origin.

next is exactly shifting 3 units down

source:

step-by-step explanation: